LA School Uniforms as Mandatory Attire for All Students

Presentation The topic of wearing a school uniform consistently troubles numerous understudies, educators, and different individuals from schools’ staff. Understudies can't acknowledge a thought that every one of them need to wear a similar uniform and get no opportunity to be recognized from one another. Instructors can't understand why understudies have such a negative mentality to this thought, and government is simply searching for another approach to join kids, offer the comparative conditions to all understudies, and not to give them a chance to be recognized in contrast with the others. Advanced researchers and scholars concede that â€Å"a standard school uniform is one approach to dispense with the chance of variety; no one is in style or out of fashion† (Milner 185).Advertising We will compose a custom exploration paper test on LA School Uniforms as Mandatory Attire for All Students explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, school is, whe re individuals concentrate how to act in various circumstances, how to speak with individuals of various gatherings, and how to communicate of tastes and premiums; and garments is one of the most remarkable intends to show own creative mind, character, and capacities. This is the reason numerous understudies contend about the plan to wear a standard school uniform and can't arrive at indeed the very same end whether it has positive or negative effect on students’ training. From one perspective, school garbs must be compulsory in all LA schools so as to make understudies focus on their educative procedures, and then again, understudies may feel a sort of restriction of their privileges and opportunity; along these lines, the examination of understudies thoughts, their response to the commitment to wear a school uniform that might be separated just be sexual orientations (female and male outfits), and the distinguishing proof of advantages and disadvantages of school regalia ou ght to absolutely assist with explaining whether it is important to make wearing a school uniform obligatory or not. General situation concerning the matter of school garbs As numerous understudies in Los Angeles the same number of focuses; and it doesn't really make a difference what clothing implies for every understudy. The fact of the matter is that ample opportunity has already past to grasp whether a standard uniform must be compulsory at schools, and whether it is conceivable to clarify understudies the possibility of the need of these means. Catholic, open, and different kinds of schools have their own principles, conditions, issues, and eccentricities. The issues of fracture that ends up being an exceptional component of Los Angeles schools (Halle 226) partition understudies and educators into gatherings, who bolster the possibility of required school uniform so as to have legitimate and more secure instruction and who can't fathom why regalia are viewed as the inquiry numb er one during the discussions. A few delegates of Los Angeles schools simply make requests of what is permitted to wear and what can't be permitted by any means. Various examinations in the field of instruction and style can't present one clear response to the inquiry if a standard school uniform must be obligatory for everybody or it is simply an issue of taste and convictions of a representative: standard school regalia are still viewed as both another rush of our prosperous future (Tooms 57) or an idea that makes understudies penance their inclinations and inclinations. Youngsters have just became acclimated to wear anything they desire and any place they need: such focuses like sexuality and magnificence become the fundamental quality of by far most of understudies. By methods for media and motion pictures specifically, it is conceivable to accept that young ladies give more consideration to the garments they wear yet not to the exercises and material they need to learn. Obvious ly, schools, young ladies, and tastes contrast; yet numerous comparative models might be found in our consistently life. On the off chance that a young lady goes to the open spot in a similar rigging following day, the others may pose heaps of inquiries and imagine that her undertakings have gone wrong.Advertising Looking for research paper on training? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Arguments against a standard LA school uniform If an individual asks an understudy (a young lady specifically) regardless of whether she is possibly in support of a school uniform, the opportunity to hear a negative answer raises impressively. One of the primary reasons of why school garbs have a couple of opportunities to be required is chopping down understudy singularity (School Uniform Debate and Poll). From their youth, guardians and instructors underline that opportunity and the privilege of decision are the two essential focuses in the life of every individual. Kids accept these thoughts are extremely critical in their lives, and now and then, they attempt to utilize these ideas to endorse their conduct and to underline how adults might be unreasonable to them. Nearly the equivalent happens to class garbs and understudies commitment to wear a similar garments step by step. By far most of understudies imagine that their opportunity is under a danger, that their privilege of decision doesn't work, and that every one of their endeavors to become senior and increasingly develop are fizzled. Another enthralling and solid explanation of why school outfits ought not be required for all understudies in Los Angeles is associated with students’ tastes and their longing to contrast different understudies. Significantly increasingly, such disallowance to dress as per individual tastes and inclinations may murder students’ innovative reasoning and capacities to grow new items, new thoughts, new ways to deal with various circumstances. Our general public needs to move and to create; and looking for gifts among understudies is one of the initial steps to take. Despite the way that complex authors concede that nonappearance of a standard structure might be a sort of â€Å"the oppression of fashion† (Craik 70), this oppression may make another great couturier and present a large group of fascinating models. This is the reason it is important to mull over this reality and think by and by whether understudies must be denied of the chance to explore different avenues regarding their styles just so as to adhere to one more standard. At long last, the plan to dress all understudies into very much the same uniform may prompt the diminishing of understudy want to visit schools and to be a functioning piece of school life. It might happen that an understudy has terrible state of mind and can't come out of his/her downturn. Be that as it may, another dress, another shirt, or another cap introduce d by guardians or companions may certain improve the circumstance and help a kid discover a craving to go to class and show this new present. Why not utilize the capacity to dress as understudies need themselves as an ideal improvement for them to visit their schools by and by. Understudies can't figure that separation in their garments is one of the variables, which make them come to schools. What's more, if school government deny them of such a virtuoso possibility, the outcomes might be disappointing.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on LA School Uniforms as Mandatory Attire for All Students explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Arguments for schools regalia regardless of the way that the conversation of the issues concerning a standard uniform produces â€Å"more inquiries than answers† (Brunsma xviii), there are numerous elements, which may demonstrate how helpful wearing uniform might be. One of the primary reasons, which may d raw in the consideration of guardians and even understudies, is that spending of cash on garments, beautifiers, and different things is significantly decreased. Guardians need to purchase a school uniform, furnish a kid with an opportunity to burn through cash on food, engaging, and games, and not to think about style and the thoughts of what must be wore today. Examinations and investigation of school outfits by Catholic schools in 1900s showed how fruitful and supportive regalia could be (Mathison and Ross 124). Individuals ought not be disturbed of how to dress kids. It is likewise important to concede that understudies are at the age, when they proceed to create and develop truly, this is the reason garments must be changed step by step. What's more, a uniform doesn't cost a lot, and it is conceivable to get it every once in a while. Along these lines, those, who care about own monetary circumstance and need to spare their salaries, need to help the possibility of a standard sch ool uniform. The occasions of the eleventh September may likewise fill in as a solid motivation to help school uniform. Numerous individuals can barely acknowledge why the association of those horrendous terroristic assault and obligatory school outfits is conceivable. All things considered, really, everything is fairly clear. At the point when an individual is a piece of one association and his/her garments is like the remainder of the gathering, it is simpler to characterize who doesn't have a place with the gathering. This is the reason if a fear monger or a foe will enter the school, the watchman gets all opportunities to see this individual (or individuals) and forestall him/her of accomplishing something unsafe for the school and its youngsters and instructors. Some may feel that this similitude of garments may forestall guardians against perceiving their youngsters (School Uniform Debate and Poll). In any case, why not accept that kids can discover their folks effectively and autonomously. Significantly more, guardians can barely recall what garments are wore on their youngsters at the time of a calamity, and this very complaint might be minor. In this way, so as to secure youngsters and be prepared to unexpected assaults from the enemy’s side, it is conceivable to utilize uniform as a sort of imprint that makes one solid school one of a kind, joined together, and agreeable. As it was referenced above, numerous kids invest a lot of energy to select essential garments and beauty care products so as to go to class and show another thing. This is the reason it is conceivable to accept that the assortment of garments prompts powerlessness of understudies focus on their instruction just, when they are at schools.Advertising Searching for research paper on training?

Malvolio in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night Essay -- Malvolio Will

Malvolio in William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night The issue including Malvolio in Twelfth Night has been known for a long time yet troublesome. Its significance is this. A great deal of present day perusers or onlookers feel that the manner by which Malvolio is treated is very awful. We anticipate that him should turn into the focal point of humor; we realize that in the matter of parody, an extremely strict and Or maybe dreary figure is probably going to get comedic embarrassment; yet in this case the mortification that Malvolio gets, appears to be extended and cruel. The cruelty of Malvolio's treatment appeared to likewise have a negative impact on the closure, his disposition appeared to cloud the happy environment. We could contend that Malvolio purchased this abuse on himself and maybe merited it after his awful treatment of different characters; Somehow or another Malvolio imagined that he had predominance over Feste and as an outcome treated him unsympathetically and narrow mindedly. He likewise put Feste down over and again. Malvolio was likewise a grouch and during the play ...

Buspar for Anxiety With Bipolar Disorder

Buspar for Anxiety With Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Print Buspar for Anxiety With Bipolar Disorder By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 08, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on January 08, 2020 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights Wikimedia Commons BuSpar, which is produced as the generic form buspirone hydrochloride (HCL), is a medication sometimes used to treat anxiety and augment antidepressants. If you have anxiety associated  with bipolar disorder, your psychiatrist may prescribe anti-anxiety medications as well as mood stabilizers. Buspirone  HCL is one of several medication  options if you  have anxiety related to your bipolar disorder.   BuSpar Availability The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the brand BuSpar to treat anxiety disorders such as  Generalized Anxiety Disorder, which includes physical symptoms  of anxiety including shakiness, jitteriness, dizziness, sweating, dry mouth, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, and excessive worry. Production of the  brand name product BuSpar was discontinued  after the patent expired, but the generic buspirone HCL is available. The medication is taken by mouth and comes in 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, and 30 mg tablets. Buspirone HCL for Anxiety   Generally, buspirone HCL is not considered a potent anti-anxiety medication and it  does not work right away to calm your anxiety, the way a  tranquilizer  would.   Instead, it has a mild calming effect. It may be prescribed when there is a reason to want to avoid benzodiazepines. The anti-anxiety effect may begin to work after you have taken the medication regularly for several weeks. Buspirone HCL is believed to have its anti-anxiety effect due to its interaction with the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. Buspirone HCL for Bipolar Disorder If you have bipolar disorder, you might experience improvement of your anxiety with buspirone HCL, but it is also possible that you may not experience improvement. Some people who have bipolar disorder report that it works for anxiety, while others say it has little effect on their anxiety symptoms. Side Effects Buspirone HCL can produce a number of side effects. You should familiarize yourself with the side effects prior to taking any medication. If you experience side effects, let your doctor know.   Common side effects of buspirone include:       DizzinessLightheadednessHeadaches  Nausea  Restlessness, nervousness or unusual excitement Less common side effects include: Blurred visionSweating  Poor concentration  Diarrhea  Drowsiness, more common with higher doses  Dry mouth  Muscle pain, spasms or crampsRinging in the ears  Insomnia,  nightmares  or vivid dreams  Unusual tiredness or weakness Rare side effects can include:   Chest pain  Confusion  A fast or pounding heartbeat  Fever  Lack of coordination  DepressionMuscle weakness, especially weakness or stiffness in your hands or feet)HivesA sore throat or uncontrolled movements Buspirone HCL and Mania There are rare reports in the medical literature that buspirone HCL can cause mania, which is characterized by excessive energy, agitation, racing thoughts, insomnia, and sometimes impulsiveness. Buspirone HCL and Monamine Oxidase Inhibitors Buspirone HCL should not be used in combination with antidepressants that are considered monamine  oxidase  (MAO) inhibitors, because the combination can produce a serious side effect described as serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome is characterized by agitation, cardiac instability, tremors, and delirium. This is a dangerous side effect and if you experience any of these symptoms, or if you observe them in someone else, you should seek urgent medical attention immediately.   Some MAO inhibitors include Nardil (phenelzine), Eldepryl (selegiline), Parnate (tranylcypromine), Marplan (isocarboxazid). If you get your medications prescribed by the same doctor or if you obtain them from the same pharmacy, you can avoid these types of dangerous interactions because you will likely get a warning about interactions. If you get your medications from different pharmacies, be sure to provide a list of medications that you take to each pharmacy.

Buspar for Anxiety With Bipolar Disorder

Buspar for Anxiety With Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Print Buspar for Anxiety With Bipolar Disorder By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 08, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on January 08, 2020 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights Wikimedia Commons BuSpar, which is produced as the generic form buspirone hydrochloride (HCL), is a medication sometimes used to treat anxiety and augment antidepressants. If you have anxiety associated  with bipolar disorder, your psychiatrist may prescribe anti-anxiety medications as well as mood stabilizers. Buspirone  HCL is one of several medication  options if you  have anxiety related to your bipolar disorder.   BuSpar Availability The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the brand BuSpar to treat anxiety disorders such as  Generalized Anxiety Disorder, which includes physical symptoms  of anxiety including shakiness, jitteriness, dizziness, sweating, dry mouth, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, and excessive worry. Production of the  brand name product BuSpar was discontinued  after the patent expired, but the generic buspirone HCL is available. The medication is taken by mouth and comes in 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, and 30 mg tablets. Buspirone HCL for Anxiety   Generally, buspirone HCL is not considered a potent anti-anxiety medication and it  does not work right away to calm your anxiety, the way a  tranquilizer  would.   Instead, it has a mild calming effect. It may be prescribed when there is a reason to want to avoid benzodiazepines. The anti-anxiety effect may begin to work after you have taken the medication regularly for several weeks. Buspirone HCL is believed to have its anti-anxiety effect due to its interaction with the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. Buspirone HCL for Bipolar Disorder If you have bipolar disorder, you might experience improvement of your anxiety with buspirone HCL, but it is also possible that you may not experience improvement. Some people who have bipolar disorder report that it works for anxiety, while others say it has little effect on their anxiety symptoms. Side Effects Buspirone HCL can produce a number of side effects. You should familiarize yourself with the side effects prior to taking any medication. If you experience side effects, let your doctor know.   Common side effects of buspirone include:       DizzinessLightheadednessHeadaches  Nausea  Restlessness, nervousness or unusual excitement Less common side effects include: Blurred visionSweating  Poor concentration  Diarrhea  Drowsiness, more common with higher doses  Dry mouth  Muscle pain, spasms or crampsRinging in the ears  Insomnia,  nightmares  or vivid dreams  Unusual tiredness or weakness Rare side effects can include:   Chest pain  Confusion  A fast or pounding heartbeat  Fever  Lack of coordination  DepressionMuscle weakness, especially weakness or stiffness in your hands or feet)HivesA sore throat or uncontrolled movements Buspirone HCL and Mania There are rare reports in the medical literature that buspirone HCL can cause mania, which is characterized by excessive energy, agitation, racing thoughts, insomnia, and sometimes impulsiveness. Buspirone HCL and Monamine Oxidase Inhibitors Buspirone HCL should not be used in combination with antidepressants that are considered monamine  oxidase  (MAO) inhibitors, because the combination can produce a serious side effect described as serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome is characterized by agitation, cardiac instability, tremors, and delirium. This is a dangerous side effect and if you experience any of these symptoms, or if you observe them in someone else, you should seek urgent medical attention immediately.   Some MAO inhibitors include Nardil (phenelzine), Eldepryl (selegiline), Parnate (tranylcypromine), Marplan (isocarboxazid). If you get your medications prescribed by the same doctor or if you obtain them from the same pharmacy, you can avoid these types of dangerous interactions because you will likely get a warning about interactions. If you get your medications from different pharmacies, be sure to provide a list of medications that you take to each pharmacy.

Clinical Development Evidence For Clinical Effectiveness

Clinical Development Evidence for Clinical Effectiveness There were various clinical trials completed and revived, only made possible by the preclinical work. These were done under various conditions at differing dosages and times of infusion and under different conditions. The ECLIPSE trials were made up of 3 studies to test clevidipine against 3 common perioperative antihypertensives which were nitro-glycerine, sodium nitroprusside, and nicardipine (which is usually a postoperative drug due to long half-life) in 1:1 ratio of clevidipine patients to other drug patients. Necessary ethics and control methods were implemented among the patients, 579 patients who were in the sodium nitroprusside vs. clevidipine study; 546 in the nitro-glycerine study and 381 in the nicardipine study (total 1506 patients only 1410 were eligible for analysis). [1] [2] The studies found that less clevidipine was needed to achieve the same effects as nitro-glycerine and nicardipine. Similar amounts were used to achieve similar effects verses sodium nitroprusside, but a secondary hypertensive tended to be need more often in the sodium nitroprusside-traded group versus the clevidipine group. The studies also found little differences in the mortality or adverse out comes with-in 30 days. The trials reported that clevidipine was significantly more effective at maintaining BP within a healthy range. The end conclusion drawn was that clevidipine was a safe and effective means of treating acuteShow MoreRelatedAnalysis And Application Of Clinical Practice Guidelines Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis and Application of Clinical Practice Guidelines: Prevention of Pressure Ulcers Pressure Ulcers are a common issue for hospitals and long-term nursing facilities nationwide. Annually an estimated cost of $143 million is spent on hospital acquired conditions which include pressure ulcers (Kandilov, Coomer, Dalton, 2014). 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According to Dr. David Sackett, Evidence Based Practice (EBP) is the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of the individual patient. It is a clinical decision-making process in which clinicians use theory-derived, research-based knowledge to inform their decisions about care delivery. Most importantly, consideration of individual needs, preference and resources must be included. BEFORE EBP Before EBPRead MoreA Nursing Assessment For Pressure Ulcers1354 Words   |  6 PagesThe evidence according the American College of Physicians defines a pressure ulcer as â€Å"localized injury to the skin and or underlying tissue, usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure alone or in combination with sheer.† Furthermore, almost 3 million adults in the United States suffer from pressure ulcers and experts estimate that 11 billion dollars are associated with the costs of post-pressure ulcer treatment. 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Typhoon Pablo Hits Philippines - 1675 Words

Name: Jo-ann Abantao Year and Course: BSHRM-1A ‘TYPHOON PABLO’ The world we live in today is always changing, whether it be technology or the land. As these changes take place, society must adapt to them. Many things begin to change as a result of this and society beings to turn into something completely different. One of the most overlooked changes that takes place is that of the environment and landscape. The landscape is one of the most important parts of our societys culture and has a great effect on how we live. It seems that nowadays, many individuals are taking advantage of the land and nothing appreciating it for every thing that it is worth. Its true that not everyone is going to look at the environment and†¦show more content†¦The storm has also caused massive damage to infrastructure and agriculture, destroying large tracts of coconut and banana trees, said Ramos. Without power Power is still being restored in many of the typhoon-hit areas. Many areas in Cagayan de Oro, Malaybalay City, Valencia City, and Misamis Oriental are still without power. Power is also out in some parts of Davao Oriental and Compostela Valley due to downed electrical posts. The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) placed the total amount of damage from typhoon Pablo at over P24 billion, P16 billion were lost in agriculture including high-value crops such as bananas, coconuts, rubber, and cacao. At this time, authorities continue to provide relief assistance to typhoon victims, the NDRRMC said. Food and non-food items were continuously being sent to devastated areas in Davao Oriental and Compostela Valley. The Department of Health has sent water filtration equipment to Boston, Davao Oriental as well as in New Bataan, Compostela Valley. On December 12, the Department of Trade and Industry also implemented a price ceiling to calamity-affected areas. 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What Events Led to the Civil War - 2154 Words

What events led to the Civil War? During the Revolutionary Era from 1765-1815, slavery existed in thirteen colonies. Maryland went from white servants to slaves. There was an agricultural economy that existed in the South that was dependent on the labor of slaves. Although slavery did not exist in the North exclusively; New York, Philadelphia, and New England were involved in the trade of slaves; so although the South was exclusively using slaves as an economic gain, the North also had financial benefits as a result of the existence of slavery. In the aftermath of the Revolution, slavery began to cease in the North. In Massachusetts they ruled slavery as not in concordance with the state. Other northern states like New York and New†¦show more content†¦In response to Calhoun s defense, the notion of Political Sovereignty is introduced by Douglas (Senator of Illinois) which states: let the people who are in the territories decide, Calhoun is dissatisfied, but the political parties see this as a safety net aga inst succession. The doctrine was incorporated in the Compromise of 1850 and four years later was an important feature of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. In the Compromise of 1850, Southerners wanted to make a Fugitive Slave Law more extreme because the Northerners were not sending back runaway slaves. Douglas decided to help pass this bill by breaking it up into five components in order to form a coalition; the bill passes. The bills consisted of these compromises: Utah and New Mexico dealing with Popular Sovereignty, Slave trade banned in Washington D.C., California gets in free and a new Fugitive Slave Bill passed. 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The Art Of A Short Story Ernest Hemingway Essay Example For Students

The Art Of A Short Story Ernest Hemingway Essay Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois. His father was the owner of a prosperous real estate business. His father, Dr. Hemingway, imparted to Ernest the importance of appearances, especially in public. Dr. Hemingway invented surgical forceps for which he would not accept money. He believed that one should not profit from something important for the good of mankind. Ernests father, a man of high ideals, was very strict and censored the books he allowed his children to read. He forbad Ernests sister from studying ballet for it was coeducational, and dancing together led to hell and damnation. Grace Hall Hemingway, Ernests mother, considered herself pure and proper. She was a dreamer who was upset at anything which disturbed her perception of the world as beautiful. She hated dirty diapers, upset stomachs, and cleaning house; they were not fit for a lady. She taught her children to always act with decorum. She adored the singing of the birds and the sme ll of flowers. Her children were expected to behave properly and to please her, always. Mrs. Hemingway treated Ernest, when he was a small boy, as if he were a female baby doll and she dressed him accordingly. This arrangement was alright until Ernest got to the age when he wanted to be a gun-toting Pawnee Bill. He began, at that time, to pull away from his mother, and never forgave her for his humiliation. The town of Oak Park, where Ernest grew up, was very old fashioned and quite religious. The townspeople forbad the word virgin from appearing in school books, and the word breast was questioned, though it appeared in the Bible. Ernest loved to fish, canoe and explore the woods. When he couldnt get outside, he escaped to his room and read books. He loved to tell stories to his classmates, often insisting that a friend listen to one of his stories. In spite of his mothers desire, he played on the football team at Oak Park High School. As a student, Ernest was a perfectionist about his grammar and studied English with a fervor. He contributed articles to the weekly school newspaper. It seems that the principal did not approve of Ernests writings and he complained, often, about the content of Ernests articles. Ernest was clear about his writing; he wanted people to see and feel and he wanted to enjoy himself while writing. Ernest loved having fun. If nothing was happening, mischievous Ernest made something happen. He would sometimes use forbidden words just to create a ruckus. Ernest, though wild and crazy, was a warm, caring individual. He loved the sea, mountains and the stars and hated anyone who he saw as a fake. During World War I, Ernest, rejected from service because of a bad left eye, was an ambulance driver, in Italy, for the Red Cross. Very much like the hero of A Farewell to Arms, Ernest is shot in his knee and recuperates in a hospital, tended by a caring nurse named Agnes. Like Frederick Henry, in the book, he fell in love with the nurse and was given a medal for his heroism. Ernest returned home after the war, rejected by the nurse with whom he fell in love. He would party late into the night and invite, to his house, people his parents disapproved of. Ernests mother rejected him and he felt that he had to move from home. He moved in with a friend living in Chicago and he wrote articles for The Toronto Star. In Chicago he met and then married Hadley Richardson. She believed that he should spend all his time in writing, and bought him a typewriter for his birthday. They decided that the best place for a writer to live was Paris, where he could devote himself to his writing. He said, at the time, that the most difficult thing to write about was being a man. They could not live on income from his stories and so Ernest, again, wrote for The Toronto Star. Ernest took Hadley to Italy to show her where he had been during the war. He was devastated, everything had changed, everything was destroyed. Hadley became pregnant and was sick all the time. She and Ernest decided to move to Canada. He had, by then written three stories and ten poems. Hadley gave birth to a boy who they named John Hadley Nicano Hemingway. Even though he had his family Ernest was unhappy and decided to return to Paris. It was in Paris that Ernest got word that a publisher wanted to print his book, In Our Time, but with some changes. The publisher felt that the sex was to blatant, but Ernest refused to change one word. Around 1925, Ernest started writing a novel about a young man in World War I, but had to stop after a few pages, and proceeded to write another novel, instead. This novel was based on his experiences while living in Pamplona, Spain. He planned on calling this book Fiesta, but changed the name to The Sun Also Rises, a saying from the Bible. This book, as in his other books, shows Hemingway obsessed with death. In 1927, Ernest found himself unhappy with his wife and son. They decided to divorce and he married Pauline, a woman he had been involved with while he was married to Hadley. A year later, Ernest was able to complete his war novel which he called A Farewell to Arms. The novel was about the pain of war, of finding love in this time of pain. It portrayed the battles, the retreats, the fears, the gore and the terrible waste of war. This novel was well-received by his publisher, Max Perkins,but Ernest had to substitute dashes for the dirty language. Ernest used his life when he wrote; using everything he did and everything that ever happened to him. He nevertheless remained a private person; wanting his stories to be read but wanting to be left alone. He once said, Dont look at me. Look at my words. A common theme throughout Hemingways stories is that no matter how hard we fight to live, we end up defeated, but we are here and we must go on. At age 31 he wrote Death in the Afternoon, about bullfighting in his beloved Spain. Ernest was a restless man; he traveled all over the United States, Europe, Cuba and Africa. At the age of 37 Ernest met the woman who would be his third wife; Martha Gellhorn, a writer like himself. He went to Spain, he said, to become an antiwar Correspondent, and found that war was like a club where everyone was playing the same game, and he was never lonely. Martha went to Spain as a war correspondent and they lived together. He knew that he was hurting Pauline, but like his need to travel and have new experiences, he could not stop himself from getting involved with women. In 1940 he wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls and dedicated it to Martha, whom he married at the end of that year. He found himself traveling betwe en Havana, Cuba and Ketchum, Idaho, which he did for the rest of his life. During World War II, Ernest became a secret agent for the United States. He suggested that he use his boat, the Pillar, to surprise German submarines and attack them with hidden machine guns. It was at this time that Ernest, always a drinker, started drinking most of his days away. He would host wild, fancy parties and did not write at all during the next three years. At wars end, Ernest went to England and met an American foreign correspondent named Mary Welsh. He divorced Martha and married Mary in Havana, in 1946. Ernest was a man of extremes; living either in luxury or happy to do without material things. Ernest, always haunted by memories of his mother, would not go to her funeral when she died in 1951. He admitted that he hated his mothers guts. Ernest wrote The Old Man and the Sea in only two months. He was on top of the world, the book was printed by Life Magazine and thousands of copies were sold in the United States. This novel and A Farewell to Arms were both made into movies. In 1953 he went on a safari with Mary, and he was in heaven hunting big game. Though Ernest had a serious accident, and later became ill, he could never admit that he had any weaknesses; nothing would stop him, certainly not pain. In 1954 he won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Toward the end, Ernest started to travel again, but almost the way that someone does who knows that he will soon die. He suddenly started becoming paranoid and to forget things. He became obsessed with sin; his upbringing was showing, but still was inconsistent in his behavior. He never got over feeling like a bad person, as his father, mother and grandfather had taught him. In the last year of his life, he lived inside of his dreams, similar to his mother, who he hated with all his heart. He was suicidal and had electric shock treatments for his depression and strange behavior. On a Sunday morning, July 2, 1961, Ernest Miller Hem ingway killed himself with a shotgun. Rice Production and Consumption Trends in Negros O EssayErnest Hemingway takes much of the storyline of his novel, A Farewell to Arms, from his personal experiences. The main character of the book, Frederick Henry, often referred to as Tenete, experiences many of the same situations which Hemingway, himself, lived. Some of these similarities are exact while some are less similar, and some events have a completely different outcome. Hemingway, like Henry, enjoyed drinking large amounts of alcohol. Both of them were involved in World War I, in a medical capacity, but neither of them were regular army personnel. Like Hemingway, Henry was shot in his right knee, during a battle. Both men were Americans, but a difference worth noting was that Hemingway was a driver for the American Red Cross, while Henry was a medic for the Italian Army. In real life, Hemingway met his love, Agnes, a nurse, in the hospital after being shot; Henry met his love, Catherine Barkley, also a nurse, before he was shot and hospitalized. In both cases, the relationships with these women were strengthened while the men were hospitalized. Another difference is that Hemingways romance was short-lived, while, the book seemed to indicate that, Henrys romance, though they never married, was strong and would have lasted. In A Farewell to Arms, Catherine and her child died while she was giving birth, this was not the case with Agnes who left Henry for an Italian Army officer. It seems to me that the differences between the two men were only surface differences. They allowed Hemingway to call the novel a work of fiction. Had he written an autobiography the book would probably not have been well-received because Hemingway was not, at that time, a well known author. Although Hemingway denied critics views that A Farewell to Arms was symbolic, had he not made any changes they would not have been as impressed with the war atmosphere and with the naivete of a young man who experiences war for the first time. Hemingway, because he was so private, probably did not want to expose his life to everyone, and so the slight changes would prove that it was not himself and his own experiences which he was writing about. I believe that Hemingway had Catherine and her child die, not to look different from his own life, but because he had a sick and morbid personality. There is great power in being an author, you can make things happen which do not necessarily occur in real life. It is obvious that Hemingway felt, as a young child and throughout his life, powerless, and so he created lives by writing stories. Hemingway acted out his feelings of inadequacy and powerlessness by hunting, drinking, spending lots of money and having many girlfriends. I think that Hemingway was obsessed with death and not too sane. His obsession shows itself in the morbid death of Miss Barkley and her child. Hemingway was probably very confused about religion and sin and somehow felt or feared that people would or s hould be punished for enjoying lifes pleasures. Probably, the strongest reason for writing about Catherine Barkleys death and the death of her child was Hemingways belief that death comes to everyone; it was inevitable. Death ends life before you have a chance to learn and live. He writes, in A Farewell to Arms, They threw you in and told you the rules and the first time they caught you off base they killed you. they killed you in the end. You could count on that. Stay around and they would kill you. Hemingway, even in high school, wrote stories which showed that people should expect the unexpected. His stories offended and angered the principal of his school. I think that Hemingway liked shocking and annoying people; he was certainly rebellious. If he would have written an ending where Miss Barkley and her child had lived, it would have been too easy and common; Hemingway was certainly not like everyone else, and he seemed to be proud of that fact. Even the fact that Hemingway wro te curses and had a lot of sex in his books shows that he liked to shock people. When his publisher asked that he change some words and make his books more acceptable to people, Hemingway refused, then was forced to compromise. I think that the major difference between Hemingway and Henry was hat Henry was a likable and normal person while Hemingway was strange and very difficult. Hemingway liked doing things his way and either people had to accept him the way he was or too bad for them. I think that Hemingway probably did not even like himself and that was one reason that he couldnt really like other people. Hemingway seemed to use people only for his own pleasure, and maybe he wanted to think that he was like Henry who was a nicer person. In the book, Twentieth Century Interpretations of A Farewell to Arms, Malcolm Cowley focuses on the symbolism of rain. He sees rain, a frequent occurrence in the book, as symbolizing disaster. He points out that, at the beginning of A Farewell to Arms, Henry talks about how things went very badly and how this is connected to At the start of the winter came permanent rain. Later on in the book we see Miss Barkley afraid of rain. She says, Sometimes I see me dead in it, referring to the rain. It is raining the entire time Miss Barkley is in childbirth and when both she and her baby die. Wyndham Lewis, in the same book of critical essays, points out that Hemingway is obsessed with war, the setting for much of A Farewell to Arms. He feels that the author sees war as an alternative to baseball, a sport of kings. He says that the war years were a democratic, a levelling, school. For Hemingway, raised in a strict home environment, war is a release; an opportunity to show that he is a real man. The essayist, Edgar Johnson says that for the loner it is society as a whole that is rejected, social responsibility, social concern abandoned. Lieutenant Henry, like Hemingway, leads a private life as an isolated individual. He socializes w ith the officers, talks with the priest and visits the officers brothel, but those relationships are superficial. This avoidance of real relationships and involvement do not show an insensitive person, but rather omeone who is protecting himself from getting involved and hurt. It is clear that in all of Hemingways books and from his own life that he sees the world as his enemy. Johnson says, He will solve the problem of dealing with the world by taking refuge in individualism and isolated personal relationships and sensations. John Killinger says that it was inevitable that Catherine and her baby would die. The theme, that a person is trapped in relationships, is shown in all Hemingways stories. In A Farewell to Arms Catherine asks Henry if he feels trapped, now that she is pregnant. He admits that he does, maybe a little. This idea, points out Killinger, is ingrained in Hemingways thinking and that he was not too happy about fatherhood. In Cross Country Snow, Nick Regrets that he h as to give up skiing in the Alps with a male friend to return to his wife who is having a baby. In Hemingways story Hills Like White Elephants the man wants his sweetheart to have an abortion so that they can continue as they once lived. In To Have and Have Not, Richard Gordon took his wife to that dirty aborting horror. Catherines death, in A Farewell to Arms, saves the authors hero from the hell of a complicated life.

LA ENSENANZA DE LA LITERATURA Essays - Popular University Of Cesar

LA ENSENANZA DE LA LITERATURA La crisis de la ensenanza de la literatura, se manifiesta en su inadecuacion a las necesidades educativas actuales. Los ninos y los jovenes no necesitan abarrotarse de conocimientos sobre autores y obras, periodos y movimientos, sino que se han de formar como lectores competentes de literatura. Ademas hay casos en que la informacion que aparece en muchos libros escolares de literatura no corresponde con las conclusiones actualizadas de la investigacion y la critica. Este cambio drastico en cuanto a los objetivos educativos requiere tambien un cambio radical en los metodos y formas de trabajo en el aula. Mi idea a implementar para lograr que la literatura sea ensenada de una manera correcta, o de mejor manera ya que los tiempos y las necesidades de los ninos y jovenes han cambiado, es que se ensene acerca de los libros basandose en los mismos, asi cambiando los textos escolares por las obras de los autores, ya que no se puede apreciar un libro atreves de otro. Ningun libro que hable de un libro dice mas que el libro en cuestion. Basicamente la estructura y metodologia en que se da la clase es anticuada, la literatura no se deberia ensenar teoricamente sino leyendo y basando el aprendizaje en ellos. Si no se logra un buen desarrollo en la ensenanza de la literatura no se educaran personas con conocimiento util para el presente, pero si con conocimiento historico. Si la educacion literaria es mas enfocada hacia lo contemporaneo (refiriendome al presente) se podra llegar a un inmenso nivel de conocimiento y se podria ser mejor en la practica sin usar metodos obsoletos.

Mental Cases Essays

Mental Cases Essays Mental Cases Paper Mental Cases Paper In The Show, I believe Owen uses many different techniques in order to present his feelings about war to the reader. I would take the word present to mean how Owen affects what the reader is thinking and feeling in order to communicate his feelings about war to us effectively, and what methods he uses to do this, looking closely at the language, form and imagery of The Show in comparison to some of his other poems. In The Show, one of the main techniques Owen uses to present his feelings is the metaphor that runs throughout the poem the constant comparison of the soldiers to the caterpillars is a technique that I believe is very effective. It has numerous effects on the reader, one of which is to make us feel that Owen is bitter about the war as a whole the comparison with the insects serves to generalise the soldiers which implies that somehow they are less valuable individually. As a result of this, the reader feels as if Owen is mirroring what he believes are the attitudes of people back at home to the soldiers, which is where the feeling of bitterness in the poem stems from. A similar effect of the continuous metaphor is that the reader feels that Owen is trivialising the soldiers and what they do he has reduced them to a comparison with insects. An aspect of this that is particularly effective is that in general, people do not think twice about killing insects, and so the link to the soldiers here is more disturbing for the reader as we realise what this link signifies. Here, it seems as if Owen is again highlighting public attitude about the war and is angry about how people perhaps would have not recognised the individual sacrifices and suffering of each soldier. Owen also compares the soldiers to less desirable groups in Dulce et Decorum Est, when he describes them as hags and old beggars. However, the effect of the comparison there is that it creates sadness for the reader, because we feel that it is awful that such young men should be reduced to being described as inferior to what they actually are, as the word hags has connotations of being old, wrinkled and are often seen as evil . As a result of this, Dulce appears to immediately communicate that Owen is bitter but also sad himself at this drop in standards for the men, showing that the same technique is used by Owen to great effect in numerous poems. I feel it also communicates his sadness to us through the mockery of the soldiers here, because he felt it significant enough to use in the opening lines of the poem, showing that he wished this to be one of our main reactions to Dulce. Another main effect of the running metaphor in this poem is that the comparison heightens the feeling of disgust for the reader much of the language creates gruesome images straightaway, but when applied to the alternative meaning of the metaphor (i. e. the soldiers) it becomes even more gruesome. For example, where they writhed and shrivelled, killed, creates awful imagery even when applied to the caterpillars, as writhed carries implications of suffering great pain. However, it is even more disturbing when applied to the soldiers because as well as writhing carrying implications of pain in this context, it is also an unnatural action for a human to make, whereas the natural actions of some insects could be described as writhing. The word shrivelled also has a similar effect, in that it is very graphic and very unnatural. The resulting imagery of a soldier being in such excessive pain that his body would contort in such a way is extremely shocking and disturbing for the reader, and makes us feel hugely sympathetic to all the soldiers. Another example of the disgust being created is when the caterpillars are described as plugs a plug is made to fit a hole, and the link that implies the soldier were also made to fill the ditches is somewhat disturbing. I believe Owen used such graphic and disgusting language in order to shock the reader, because that way it would effectively communicate the feeling of anger and bitterness about the situation. I also feel that Owen may have been trying to use this language to shock because he may have wished us to feel guilty about our attitudes. Owen also uses grotesque language in another of his war poems, Mental Cases, and I believe that the effects are similar to those of The Show, in that Owen used such language in order to shock the reader, for example shatter of flying muscles. This sentence is very graphic and creates horrific imagery in our minds as we read which creates shock and disgust. However, there is no hidden metaphor in Mental Cases, which means that the language has more of an immediate impact, but does not seem quite as disturbing as the aim of the use of this language seems to be more obvious to the reader. Although much of the language in The Show creates repulsive imagery, many of the words themselves seem to be very understated, for example curl, lift and flatten. These words are usually very normal and everyday words to describe movement they are not exaggerated or extreme. As a result of this, the reader again feels that Owen is somewhat trivialising everything in the poem, and making it less significant. A specific example of how he does this is when he uses the phrase bitten backs to describe the potentially fatal injuries that the soldiers have obtained on the battlefields.

Personal Case Study Reflection Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Case Study Reflection - Assignment Example The other team members I lead are J.J (John), Su and Wang. Leadership and Communication (interpersonal communication) Proper communication is a very crucial skill in leadership. Communication is the core element of leadership since the leader is set in a position of dealing with human beings who naturally differ in behavior and emotional stability (Goldhaber, 1993). Different people communicate differently and to set a healthy interpersonal communication among them, the leader has to be knowledgeable of their distinct nature and handle them with relevant and appropriate skills to ensure that work continues in an atmosphere conducive for interpersonal relations (Agarwal, 2010). The leader must develop appropriate communication skills when dealing with his or her subjects. This promotes high productivity among the subject and even sets the working environment full of peace and tranquility (Goldhaber, 1993). In my groups first meeting, everyone maintained the state of tranquility since we were ball strangers and everybody was mindful about the exposure of their true personalities; but, in the second meeting, hell broke loose. Lack of communication; especially between Su and J.J, who seemed to be different in everything from the content of their ideas to the nature of their personalities. It appeared that at times they were both right but had different ways of how they presented their ideas and this led to further confusion. Effective communication involves should be maintained both between the management and the subjects and between the subjects themselves for proper interpersonal communication (Harvard business review on effective communication, 1999). As I reflect on what I had to go through to get the group working, I realized that the first and the most important element of leadership that the leader must struggle to have is the right communication skills for his or her subjects: the communication skills that will promote peace among the members. Motivational leadership and Goal setting I had to set the goals and ensure all the team members adhered to the conditions set to meet these goals. However, the team members needed motivation in order to execute the processes set to meet these goals. Wang’s personality and attitude was not good enough to get the team effective and efficient. On the other side, Su was effective and hardworking, but too had her limitations when it came to communication strategies. She was the emotional type who would rather please her emotions at the opportunity cost of her function. J.J or John was the worst in the group. He was non co-operative and controversial. He paralyzed the group’s progress with this negative attitude. All these had to be solved so fast before the time limitation. Because of the differences between Su and John, Wang’s non-contributory nature was making the group’s situation worse; and this is why I had to think fast and provide the necessary motivation she requir ed. If only she could emerge effective at the face of Su and Johns differences, they would realize the need for important contribution other than conflict and this really took the group extra miles. She effectively contributed on one occasion and surprised everyone with the great ideas she came out with – attributed to the motivation and the boost of self-confidence she attained when we had a private talk. Su and John started to resolve their conflicts and in the last meeting, they were all helpful as the group met for the final revision of the

SPORT DEVELOPMENT IN THE COMMUNITY Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

SPORT DEVELOPMENT IN THE COMMUNITY - Assignment Example In addition, physical activities help to encourage the youth and the disabled to attend school as it gives them something to look up to thus, increase the rate of school attendance in the community (Smith and Waddington 2004). The disabled, elderly, pre and postnatal are the greatest beneficiary of physical activities as physical activities enhances their social life, technical skills and communication skills thus, help to keep these group of people in line with the community. Hence, physical activities directly affect the community, as it is the main form of ensuring the continuity of the community, society development and regeneration (Stormann 1996). Physical activity is a branch of physical education since it has trainers and professional instructors who teach and offer instructions as a formal education. Physical activity is for people who need adaptation to participate in physical activities. Adaptation is research and practices that serve people of all ages who do not get good services offered by sport sciences and are disadvantaged in accessing opportunities provided by physical activities (Stormann 1996). It extends’ beyond disabled people and includes the aged, young and obese individuals, among other categories. Adaptation is provided in terms of appropriately modified and designed sport equipment( for example prosthesis and wheelchairs), using a different skill of instructions, modified task criteria , nonverbal instructions and increasing or decreasing court dimensions (Vail 1992). It is all about matching personal interests and strengths with the appropriate activities, to promote participation in physical acti vities. This is regardless of the population engaged in the physical activity. Leisure World Colchester is a physical activity centre, which serves the local community, students and members of

Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Cluster Environment

Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Cluster Environment Victoria Mamatova Trends and analysis of the effectiveness of the cluster environment Abstract Today competitiveness is a common? topic in the world, and it is used as a device to reach the optimal economic growth and stable development. Among the main problems for the development of industrial clusters in the absence of an obvious approach is to evaluating its performance. This research has reviewed the economic effectiveness indicators of innovative clusters. This work provides a review of several methods and approaches of evaluating the cluster performance. Then the most appropriate and fully describing approach will be chosen as the most optimum one. Introduction Clusters, due to their inherent capability to support cooperation between different innovation actors in a region, provide a favourable environment encouraging RD driven innovation closely linked to the markets needs. Clusters are now a new trend in the field of innovation and new technologies. In developed countries, they have long been a platform where innovative ideas are born and implemented into practice. Russia also recently discovered a similar phenomenon, but already rapidly developing more and more opportunities in this area. The aim of this work is to study the methods for assessing the effectiveness of innovation clusters, and identifying common trends in the development of the cluster environment. This research proposal expects to have the following outcomes by the end of the project. First, it is important to define the measurement of the economic effectiveness of each cluster. The next objective is to develop quantitative and qualitative indicators that evaluate the effectiveness of clusters, to apply these indicators to the analysis of clusters and confirm the validity of these indicators. Then the analysis of the mechanism and methods required for analysis of cluster environment will be discovered.   In addition, it will be discussed the different approaches towards clusters and find the most appropriate one. Then given a review on the consequences of these concepts for economic and industrial policy. Finally, it will provide description of national and regional approaches in supporting clus ters and identifies the main challenges that clusters meet today for its proper functioning and development. Nowadays there is no any system or standard accepted, where would be a unite criteria for estimating performance of the cluster. Clusters can be estimated by each criteria separately. However, it is hard to define the whole effectiveness of cluster with separated values such as profit or performance or sustainability etc. Recent publications in foreign literature offer a variety of ways and methods to assess performance and efficiency of the cluster. However, many of them are evaluated in only one cluster parameter. Literature Review The origin of clusters. The current state of research regarding the cluster concept has evolved based on the studies conducted on agglomeration of firms. The first studies in this field started with four empirical observations (Marshall, 1890; Krugman, 1991; Malmberg, Solvell Zander, 1996): most part of the world, national economic and industrial areas are concentrated in very few regions. In these regions investors, universities, government or any other stakeholders of companies are operating. These companies have a longer life and effectiveness than isolated one due to the concentration of resources in this area. The later studies conducted by Porter (1990) and Krugman (1991) highlighted and added new dimensions to Marshalls observations. Despite criticisms regarding the generality of the approach, the widely accepted descriptions regarding clusters are: Geographic concentrations of interconnected companies and Institutions in the particular field (Porter, 1998, p. 45). Clusters a re not seen as fixed flows of goods and services, but rather as dynamic arrangements based on knowledge creation, increasing returns and innovation in a broad sense (Krugman, 1991). Porter (2000) redefines the cluster concept in a new analysis, concentrating on the type of relations that exists between cluster members à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢a geographically proximate group of inter connected companies and associated institutions in a particular field, linked by commonalities and complementaritiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬- (Porter, 2000), and defining its boundaries that can à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢range from a single city or state to a country or even a group of neighbouring countries (Porter, 2000). Modern clusters. Now there is a cluster concept (Porter, 2007) that says that companies gain more competiveness and therefore effectiveness inside the cluster. It also claims that firms in the cluster have a longer life than other isolated companies. There is competition within the cluster. This competition can be among cluster members in an advanced way in the international market. It is worth mentioning that reducing competition is the most important goal among members of the cluster. The idea of reducing competition means ensuring agencies to cooperate more clusters to have an easy access to commercial inputs. Reaching the above goals in cluster facilitates outer-cluster competition and also business and enterprise firms can make the cluster ready for international competition (Kim, 2002). Nowadays there are two problems concerning clusters: economic integration and cluster effectiveness. Economic integration of clusters should be supported by the government with laws (Litzel, 2009), while clusters should consider the intensive intra-regional relationship between its elements (businesses, suppliers, institutions etc.). A cluster model. In order to understand the cluster model from the viewpoint of relations between firms, researchers have defined different models that take into account supplier chains relations, directly based on specific characteristics of urban areas, and clusters which define a typology (Malmberg, Solvell, Zander, 1996) that describes four different agglomerations, which highlights the conceptual differences between the clusters and the other three models.   Based on the role of different cluster members and the interaction between them, Markusen (1996) has defined four models of clusters. Markusen compares its models of modern clusters with the Marshal one, in which the cluster is rather comprising small firms that collaborate with each other, are in direct competition or in a supplier-producer relation. In a hub-and-spoke cluster, there are few dominant firms that represent the core of the cluster and are surrounded by numerous small firms that are linked directly to t hem. In a satellite platform cluster, a group of branch facilities of externally based multi-plant firms (Markusen, 1996) are located in a particular geographic region in order to benefit from governmental facilities or low costs with supplies and workforce. The last category, the state centered (He Fallah, 2011) or state anchored cluster (Markusen, 1996) is defined around a public, governmental or non-profit organization that dominates the region and the economic relation between cluster members. In short, the industrial cluster literature highlights the importance of cluster governance operating horizontally between cluster firms and institutions in local contexts, be it learning and innovation for economic upgrading or implementing CSR measures for social upgrading. This horizontal governance can be contrasted with the vertical governance in GVCs that links global lead firms to both first-tier and local suppliers in international production networks (see below). Cluster firms in developing economies often find themselves confronted by conflicting demands from global buyers, which seek lower labor costs while simultaneously requiring suppliers to comply with higher quality or social standards that would incur additional expenditures (Barrientos Smith 2007; Lund-Thomsen Pillay 2012). The fear of global buyers being foot-loose can keep cluster actors from making sustained investments in infrastructure or workforce development, thereby hindering local joint action. Such anxie ty has grown in the face of global economic recessions (Ruwanpura Wrigley 2011). Industrial clusters. A number of studies have been conducted to show the investment criteria for choosing the industrial clusters in decision-making, which can be separated into several strands. A main group of studies presents that firms will select investment location depending on the development of an innovation system or a technological system in a region (Braunerhjelm et al., 2000, Malerba, 2002, Cooke, 2002, Yeh Chang, 2003, Fleming and Sorenson, 2003, Chang and Shih, 2004, Bell, 2005, Asheim Coenen, 2005). It is reasonable to expect that industrial clusters will emerge from the location where innovation opportunity is available and accessible, as in the link between firms clustering and their probability to innovate (Baptista and Swann, 1998). These building blocks in the innovation system research institution, infrastructure, innovation network, and technology transfer mechanism, will affect the competitiveness of the industrial cluster. Network externality (Dayasindhu, 200 2) and market proximity (Krugman, 1995, Cook et al., 2001) are sometimes the critical criteria when creating a new start-up in an industrial cluster. Innovational clusters. Innovation through industrial clusters can be defined as a way to increase the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises by reaping the benefits generated by the local structures and synergies via cooperative relationship (Idrissia, Amaraa and Landrya, 2012). The clusters provide alliances, which among other things promote flexibility in terms of production volume and variety, reductions in investment costs, reduction in transaction costs and increase in operational efficiency, increased bargaining power, and the development of technology innovation processes (Rabellotti, 1999; Solvell, Ketels and Lindqvist, 2008; Bas, Amoros and Kunc, 2008). The synergy of industrial clusters is also recognized as a relationship network including companies in the same industry sector and that offer them the possibility to achieve innovation and improve product and process development. According to Kuei-Hsien, Miles and Ghung-Shing (2008), network relationships can differ entiate the value of the productive chain when the partners are engaged in activities of common interests allowing the improvement of pro-active actions in the final product or service, which creates a stimulating environment for the innovation process. Engel and del-Palacio (2009) extended Porters (year) definition of industrial agglomeration to delineate a Global Cluster of Innovation Framework that describes business clusters defined not primarily by industry specialization but by the stage of development and innovation of the clusters constituents. While industry concentrations do exist, they are not definitive. It is rather the nature and the behavior of the components that is distinctive-the rapid emergence of new firms commercializing new technologies, creating new markets, and addressing global markets. Methodology The purpose of my research is to estimate the economic effectiveness of clusters performance. Therefore, the main methods of evaluating cluster effectiveness would be economic methods of evaluating project effectiveness. These methods allow seeing the economic feasibility of investment and detecting one of the most financially advantageous of clusters. It is accepted to divide methods of evaluating to dynamic, those that take into account the time factor, and static: accounts. The first group to overview is static methods. The rate of profit is the ratio of the average annual income to total investment costs (Rutherford, 2002). This method can be used to compare several alternatives to capital investment. The most profitable cluster will be considered as one if its rate of profit is not less than the rate of return alternative. The second method is method of determining the payback period. Payback period is a period of time through which the full return on investment due to income from the project (Rutherford, 2002). The payback period of a given cluster is an important determinant of whether to undertake the position or project, as longer payback periods are typically not desirable for investment positions. The next group is dynamic methods. The first is method of net present value (NVP). This method compares the investment volume of the cluster with a total sum of the discounted net cash flows generated during the period of the intended investment. NPV shows if used in the calculation of the rate of return reach R (where R is Interest rate) of the investment within the project life cycle. It should be noted that disadvantages of this method is impossibility to assess which of the alternative cluster are better with great NPV and a long payback period, or a lower NPV, but faster payback. The method of internal rate of return (IRR) This method shows the rate at which the present value of the net revenue from the investment of the project is equal to the present value of the investment and the value of net present value: zero. The disadvantage of this method is that the IRR analysis is not suitable for ordinary investment flows. Then all quantitive and qualitive should be summerised to get number that actually describes effectiveness of each cluster. Each number describes one cluster, so there will be 5 numbers for 5 clusters. The method that will be used to summerise all the criteria is analytic hierarchy process developed by Saaty (2008). This method helps to determine the root of any problem through a hierarchical view of the elements. The main idea of the method is to split the problem into smaller elements, the next step they are compared in pairs. Then the next level is estimated by stating priorities and values each criteria. The output is a relative degree of interaction of the elements in the hierarchy. Overall, these are the main methods that will be used in my study. All of them are quantitative methods. That means that it requires quantifiable data involving numerical and statistical explanations. That is why firstly there will be data collected and analysed from financial and performance monthly reports. Statistica or MS Excel will be used to proceed the data and define the main financial and performance values and then count PP, NVP, IRR that mentioned above. There is no particular soft to build the analytic hierarchy process, so MS Excel is an appropriate option. Anticipated Results By the end of this project there will be five values that fully describe the effectiveness of each (of five) cluster. According to these values, it is possible to choose the most effective one. Therefore, it is very useful tool for investors that can easily define the cluster to invest. Companies also can define their weak sides and where they should improve performance, as priority system is used in the hierarchy analytical method. As it was mentioned before, there is no union system to identify the overall cluster effectiveness. This project will be an example of another working tool for measuring the most effective cluster. Moreover, after finishing project there will be gaps and mistakes revealed (if there any). And then recommendations will be given considering these gaps and how to fix them or improve it. Conclusion The purpose of this review was to view trends in evaluating the economic effectiveness of clusters performance within the past five years and see the rapid improvement in innovation clusters. It is clear from the research that creating and integrating clusters and cluster policy is widely practiced in todays economy. That is why there are plenty of methods of estimating cluster effectiveness such as static and dynamic methods of effectiveness analysis. These methods will be analyzed to find out the one that can fully describe the effectiveness. In this research the most appropriate method will be found and reviewed on the consequences of concepts for economic and industrial policy, as today clusters meet some challenges for its proper functioning and development. References Baptista, R., Swann, P. (1998). Do firms in clusters innovate more?. Research policy, 27(5), 525-540. Krugman, P. (1991). History and industry location: The case of the manufacturing belt. The American Economic Review, 81(2), 80-83. Kuei-Hsien, N., Miles, G., Chung-Shing, L. (2008). Strategic development of network clusters. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, 18(3), 176-81. Litzel, N., Mà ¶ller, J. (2009). Industrial clusters and economic integration: theoretic concepts and an application to the European Metropolitan Region Nuremberg, 44-47. Malmberg, A., Sà ¶lvell, ÃÆ'-., Zander, I. (1996). Spatial clustering, local accumulation of knowledge and firm competitiveness. Geografiska Annaler. Series B. Human Geography, 85-97. Marshall, A. (1890). Principles of economics: An introductory volume (Eighth Edition). London: Macmillan. Ortega-Colomer, F. J., Molina-Morales, F. X., Fernà ¡ndez de Lucio, I. (2016). Discussing the Concepts of Cluster and Industrial District. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 11(2), 139-147. Porter, M. E. (2000). Location, competition, and economic development: Local clusters in a global economy. Economic Development Quarterly, 14(1), 15-34. Porter, M. (2007). Clusters and economic policy: Aligning public policy with the new economics of competition. Cambridge: Harvard Business School, 2. Rutherford D. (2002). In Routledge Dictionary of Economics (2d ed.). London, New York: Routledge. Ruwanpura, K. N., Wrigley, N. (2011). The costs of compliance? Views of Sri Lankan apparel manufacturers in times of global economic crisis. Journal of Economic Geography, 11(6), 1031-1049. Saaty, T. L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. International journal of services sciences, 1(1), 83-98.

Hidden Terror Essay -- Literary Analysis

Ghosts and unseen forces cause nervous glances over the shoulder, the heartbeat to quicken, and provoke one to hide under a blanket, but what if the unseen forces were not the cause of the terror, can the mind create so much fear that we see things and create demons that truly terrify? â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman puts this scenario on display for her audience as the wallpaper haunts the unnamed narrator. As her mind slowly plays tricks on her, she starts to see things, impossible things within the paper. Suffering from an unknown ailment, possibly postpartum depression, the disease and the time she spends alone contribute to her descent into insanity. When she and her husband move into a rental home, she reveals an instant aversion to the wallpaper in her bedroom, and throughout the story her loathing of the wallpaper slowly becomes an obsession. â€Å"I’m getting really fond of the room in spite of the wall-paper. Perhaps BECAUSE of the wal l-paper. It dwells in my mind so† (Gilman)! Trapped in her own home and mind, she is haunted by something other than ghosts and demons, and that, is more terrifying than could even be imagined. Watching the narrator lose her sanity can be more terrifying for the readers than simply looking for an otherworldly being or a logical explanation. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† she is aware of her revulsion to the wallpaper, and yet, is unaware of the haunting consequence it has on her mind. â€Å"He thought I was asleep first, but I wasn’t, and lay there for hours trying to decide whether that front pattern and the back pattern really did move together or separately† (Gilman). Most stories try to terrify in a predictable, more traditional manner, â€Å"The Red Room† by H.G. Wells is terrifying i... ...nternal struggle, is supremely unaware of the total effects the wallpaper has on her. Fear is the first ingredient in any horror story, but when mixed in with a demented mind, as was the narrators, terror truly takes on an entirely new meaning. The paranormal, ghosts, spirits and demons are intangible to anyone but the narrator, but as she dives headfirst into her own reality she takes the reader deeper into the world she resides, where she is allowed to creep, and the only thing left to do is to watch the terror unfold. Works Cited Perkins Gilman, Charlotte. The Yellow Wallpaper Nov 1, 1999. Gutenberg.org, ebook. Rao, K. V. Rama. "The Yellow Wallpaper -- A Dynamic Symbol: A Study Of Charlotte Perkins Gilman's Story." Poetcrit 19.1 (2006): 38-44. Literary Reference Center Plus. Web. Wells, H.G. The Red Room. Oct 27, 2007. Gutenberg.org, ebook.

Penny Lab

Penny Lab Experiment By -Objectives To determine how soap affects the surface tension of water. -Hypothesis In this experiment the hypothesis was that soap was going to affect the surface tension by weakening the bonds and allowing less water on the penny. -Materials * Penny * Beaker x2 (One containing soapy water the other containing pure tap) * Paper towels * Lab review sheet * Pencil * Pipette -Procedure First we picked who would drop the water onto the penny. We did this to ensure that the drops were even in size.We then carefully dropped water from the dropper onto the head side of the penny while counting the number of drops. -Data | Trial 1| Trial 2| Trial 3| Average| Tap Water| 37 drops| 32 drops| 44 drops| 37 drops| Soapy Water| 16 drops| 14 drops| 10 drops| 13 drops| -Calculations Tap Water – (37+32+44)/ 3= 37 Soapy Water- (16+14+10)/3=13 -Conclusion In this experiment we confirmed the hypothesis that soap affects water by lowering surface tension thus lowering the a mount that can fit on a penny. -Post Lab 5.Explain what surface tension is/ Surface tension is water’s ability to stick to itself. 6. Why were many trials taken and averaged? / To get better and more accurate responses. 7. In this experiment, what was your control group? / The plain tap water. 8. Identify the independent variable in the experiment. / The soap in the water. 9. Identify the dependent variable in the experiment. / The amount of drops that would fit on the penny. 10. What if the question was how does sugar affect surface tension of water?Using the scientific method answer how you would answer this question. First we would make an observation about how water’s surface tension could be affected. Next we would propose a hypothesis. Like if we add sugar to water the water’s surface tension will be greater. Then we would follow the steps of the experiment performed earlier. We would then be able to prove or disprove the hypothesis we created. Then we wou ld draw conclusions based on our results.

The Downfall Of Julius Caesar - 1087 Words

Augustus paper In his seventy sixth year Julius Caesar was assassinated by several senators on August 19, 14 CE. (Mellor 1). After Julius Caesar’s death, Antony (one of Caesar’s closest advisors) was expected to rule after him, but little did anyone know that Caesar was very fond of his nephew who voyaged with him on several missions and secretly adopted this fellow who went by the name of Gaius Octavius. (Mellor 6) Octavius would soon go by the name Augustus and become one of the greatest leaders to have ruled ancient Rome. Augustus ruler of Rome formulates a monarchical government in spite of Romans’ dislike of a monarchy without being assassinated like his grandpa Julius Caesar by maintaining a strong military system, gradually changing the constitution, and spending his money and time wisely. Augustus was a man of strong brutality and strength, one of the strong points in aiding his rise as emperor was his military control. Augustus differed greatly from Julius Caesar in t he relationships between him and his enemies. While Julius Caesar would try to befriend his foes after defeating them, Augustus is more unforgiving and instantly tries to eliminate them. Julius Caesar only eliminated the major enemies that he deemed most threatening but, after he succeeded in defeating them, he made the mistake of looking past other past potential enemies. Augustus learned from Caesar’s mistakes. Augustus knew that he could easily be killed by the same assassins that killed hisShow MoreRelatedThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar1795 Words   |  8 Pagespeople. Julius Caesar quickly became a powerful influence through the help of the Pompey the Great and Marcus Licinius Crassus when they formed the political alliance the First Triumvirate. Yet, he quickly fell from power just a few years after his daughter’s death. Julius Caesar’s downfall has always been attributed to his pride and the betrayal of these allies. 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